Why each VM exists
The lab has five VMs. Each plays a specific role in the data flow you're watching.
🖥️ Proxmox Host
The hypervisor. Runs all the other VMs and the three virtual switches that connect them.
10.10.10.10🛡️ pfSense2 (VM 103)
The firewall and router. Every packet between subnets goes through here. Also DHCP + DNS resolver.
.110.10 / .1 / .1💻 Jumpbox (VM 101)
The lobby. SSH into here first — only this DMZ box is reachable from outside the LAN.
172.16.0.100🐧 LinuxServer (VM 105)
The web/database tier. Runs NGINX, Apache, MariaDB, PHP. Serves the pages.
192.168.0.20🪟 WinSrv (VM 102)
The Windows tier. Active Directory, DNS for the internal domain, IIS, file shares.
192.168.0.15